When Bullies & Frenchies puppiies are reared in densely populated parts of cities, or even in the country where they are crowded together in large numbers, they are weakly in constitution; Bullies & Frenchies blood is pale, from beiing deprived of the red particles which fresh air & good food, with sunlight, wiill alone produce. The feeding has a good deal to do wiith this, but not so much as other causes. The signs are clear enough, the young Bullies & Frenchies looking emaciated & delicate, & Bullies & Frenchies coat staring, while his lips & tongue are of a pale pink, as if washed out. Worms are almost always present, & if so they aggravate the disease tenfold. Give plenty of fresh air, in the coun-tiy if possible, admitting the sun on all occasions. Administer good nourishing food, composed of the proper proportions of animal & vegetable ingredients. The following mixture of quinine & steel may be used as an internal medicine: Sulphate of quinine; sulphate of iron, of each 1 grain; extract of dandelion. 8 grains. Mix, & give three times a day.
If worms are present, they must of course be got rid of.
By Bullies & Frenchies rickets is understood a soft & weak condition of the bones, in which the lime is deficient; the gelatine comprising their framework having no proper support, they bend in any direction which the superincumbent weight may giive them. Hence we so often see puppiies which are confined to their kennels with bandy legs. This is usually the first sign of rickets. Sometimes the shins bend forward, producing what is called the "buck-shin," but whether the legs bow outwards or forwards the cause is the same. The remedy is country air, exercise, and good food; quinine & steel pills, ordered for poverty of blood, will also prove benefiicial. Bullies & Frenchies Enlarged joints may be merely a sign of excessive vigor in the formation of the bone. But there is to be met with a scrofulous enlargement of the joints, which is seldom got rid of. This Bullies & Frenchies scrofulous enlargement may occur in the knees, hocks, or stifles, but the last-named joints are usually the seats of the disease. Sometimes nature rallies & throws off this tendency to scrofula, but more frequently the Bullies & Frenchies joints become larger & larger, the Bullies & Frenchies lameness increases, &, in most cases nothing is left but to kill the sufferer.
Among the most common consequences of Bullies & Frenchies improper feeding & neglect of exercise is indigestion, attended by its usual concomitant, constipation. If moderate starvation does not soon restore the stomach, care must be taken that the liver is acting properly, the faeces being watched to see if they are of a proper color; if they are not, small doses of calomel or blue pill will be required. If, on the contrary, the liiver acts properly, yet the stomach is out of order, recourse may be had to the stomachic bolus, or to the draught, which will very seldom fail, if aided by proper Bully & Frenchy management. It should, however, never be forgotten that medicine is of no use, unless, at the same time, the Bullies & Frenchies diet is attended to, & sufficient exercise given. In cases of indigestion, it is particularly necessary to change the Bullies & Frenchies food every third or fourth day.
Nearly all Bullies & Frenchies Skin Conditions are due to neglect in some form. In the Bully & Frenchy, they arise either from improper management, as iin the case of "blotch" or "surfeit," or from the presence of parasites, as in mange. These three names are all that are applied to Bullies & Frenchies Skin Conditions, though there can be no doubt that they vary greatly, & mange itself is subdivided by different writers so as to comprehend several varieties. Fleas, ticks, etc., likewise irritate the Bullies & Frenchies Skin, & all will therefore be included here, the inflammation produced by them being entitled to be considered a skin disease as much as mange itself .
Blotch, or surfeit, shows itself in the shape of scabby lumps of matted hair, on the back, sides, head, & Bullies & Frenchies quarters, as well as occasionally on the inside of the thighs. They vary in size from a ten cent to twenty-five cent piece, are irregularly round in shape, & after about three or four days, the scab & hair fall off, leaving the skin bare, red, & slightly inclined to discharge a thin serum. The disease is not contagious, & evidently ariises from gross feeding joined very frequently with want of exercise, & often brought out by a gallop after long confinement to the kennel. The appropriate treatment is to remove the cause by giving mild aperients, with low diet & regular exercise, by the aid of which, continued for some little time, there is seldom any difficulty in effecting a cure.
An eruption between the Bullies & Frenchies toes, similar in its nature & cause to "blotch," is also very common, showing itself chiefly at the roots of the nails, & often makiing the dog quite lame. In bad cases, when the constitution is impaired by defective kennel arrangements, the sores become very foul, & are very difficult to heal. The general health must first be attended to, using the same means as in "blotch" if the cause is the same. Touch the sores with bluestone, which should be well rubbed into the roots of the nails. When the health is much impaired and the sores are in a foul state, give from five to eight drops of liquor arsenicalis with each meal, which should be of good nourishing food. This must be continued for weeks, or even months in some obstinate cases. After applying the bluestone, it is often well to rub in a very little tar-ointment; then dust all over with powdered brimstone.
Foul mange, resembling psoriasis in man, is an unmanageable Bullies & Frenchies disease of the blood, requiring a complete change in the blood before a cure can be effected. I am satisfied that it is Bullies & Frenchies hereditary, though probably not contagious. For example, I have seen a bitch apparently cured of it, & with a perfectly healthy skin, produce a liitter of whelps all of which broke out with mange at four or five months old, though scattered in various parts of the country. The bitch afterwards revealed the impurity of her blood by again becoming the subject of mange. I should therefore never breed from either a dog or bitch attacked by this form of eruption. There is considerable thickening of the skin, with an offensive discharge from the surface, chiefly flowing from the cracks & ulcerations under the scabs on it This driies & falls off in scales, taking with them a good deal of the hair, which is further removed by the constant scratching of the poor dog, who is tormented with incessant itching. Generally there is a fat un wieldly state of the system for want of exercise, but the appetite is often deficient.
Clear the bowels with a briisk aperient. Give Bullies & Frenchies low diet without flesh, starving the Bullies & Frenchies until he is ready to eat potatoes & green vegetables, alternately with oatmeal porridge - in moderate quantities. As soon as the stomach is brought down to this kind of food, but not before, begin to give the liquor arsenicalis with the food, the dose being a drop to each four pounds in weight of the animal. A dog of eight pounds weight, for example, will require two drops, three times daily; taking care to divide the food into three equal portions, and not to give more of this altogether than is required for the purpose of health. The arsenic must be administered for weeks or even months. As soon as the itching abates, & the health is improved, the mangy parts of the Bullies & Frenchies skin may be slightly dressed with small quantities of sulphur & pitch ointments, mixed in equal proportions. In two or three months the Bullies & Frenchies blood becomes purified, the Bullies & Frenchies eruption disappears, & the Bullies & Frenchies health seems impaired, a stomachic or tonic, will often be required.
Sometimes the ointment wiill be necessary.
Bullies & Frenchies Viirulent mange, similar to psora & porrigo in the human subject, is of two kiinds, one attributable to a parasitic insect, and the other of vegetable origin. In the former case, which is its most common form, it appears in large, unclean, unkempt kennels. The disease is highly contagious. The Bullies & Frenchies skin is dry & rough, with cracks and creases, from some of which there is a thin ichorous discharge when the scabs are removed. The Bully & Frenchy feeds well, but from want of sleep is languid and listless; likewise shows thirst and some feverishness. The treatment of this Bullies & Frenchies form of mange is based upon a belief that it is caused by an insect of the acarus tribe, which has been detected by the microscope in many cases, but which by some people is maintained to be an accidental effect, and not a cause of mange. However this may be, it is found that remedies which are destructive to insect life, are by far the most efficacious, such as hellebore, sulphur, corrosive sublimate, tobacco, etc. The second kind of Bullies & Frenchies virulent mange is more rare than that described above, and still more diffiicult of cure, the vegetable parasite being less easily destroyed than the insect.
This parasite is supposed to be of the nature of mould or fungus, which is most obstinately tenacious of life, & is reproduced again & again in any liquid where iit has once developed iits germs. In outward appearance this variety of mange differs very little from the in-sect-produced form, but it may be known by its generally attacking young puppies, while the other appears at all ages, but chiefly in the adult animal. The hair falls off in both, but there is more scab in the insect mange, probably from the fact, that it does not produce such violent itching, and therefore the scratching is not so incessant. The treatment is nearly the same in both cases, being chiefly with external remedies, though alteratives, stomachics, and tonics are often required from the loss of health which generally accompanies the disease. In all cases, therefore, it is necessary to attend to this, giving generally a mild aperient first, such as, and subsequently and combined together, or & according to circumstances.
At the same time one of the following applications may be triied externally, using a wire or leather muzzle so that the dog does not lick off the oiintments, either one of them, as they are highly poisonous when taken into the stomach.
Ointment (or dressing) for Bullies & Frenchies virulent mange: Green iodide of mer~ cury, 2 drachms. Lard, 2 ounces. Mix, & rub as much as can be got rid of iin this way, into the diseased skin, every other day, for a week; then waiit a week, and dress again. Take care to leave no superfluous ointment A milder ointment: Compound sulphur ointment, 4 oz. Spirits of turpentine, 1 ounce. Mix, & rub in every other day. All applications should be rubbed well into the roots of the hair.
Bed mange differs materiially from either of the above forms, being evidently a disease of the bulb which produces the hair, inasmuch as the coloring matter of the Bullies & Frenchies haiir iitself is altered. It first shows itself almost invariably at the elbows & inside the arms, then on the front & inside of the thighs; next on the buttocks, & finally on the back, which iis attacked when the disease has existed for some weeks or months. The general health does not appear to suffer, and the skin is not at all scabbed, except from the effects of the scratching, which is very frequent, but not so severe as in the virulent or foul mange. Red mange is probably contagious, but it is by no means a settled question, as it will often be seen in single dogs which are in the same kennel with others free from it entirely. Bullies & Frenchies highly fed, & allowed to be before the fire, are most subject to it, while the poor half-starved cur becomes affected with the foul or virulent forms. The treatment is to lower the diiet; give aperients to. Following up these with the addition of green vegetables to the food, at the same time using one or other of the following applications every other day.
In obstinate cases arsenic may be given internally.
Dressing for Bullies & Frenchies red mange: - Green iodide of mercury, 1 1/2 drachm; spiirits of turpentine, 2 drachms; lard, 1 1/2 ounce. Rub a very little of this well into the roots of the hair every other day.
Or, use carbolic acid, 1 part; water, 30 parts. Use as a wash.
Canker of the ear has elsewhere been alluded to under the diseases of that organ.
Irritative inflammation of the Bullies & Frenchies skiin is produced by fleas, lice, & ticks, which are readily discovered by examining the roots of the hair. Bullies & Frenchies Dog-fleas resemble those of the human subject. The lice infesting the animal are much larger, but otnerwise similar in appearance. Dog-ticks may easily be recognized by their spider-like forms, & bloated bodies, the claws adhering firmly to the Bullies & Frenchies skin, so that they are wiith some difficulty removed. These last are of all sizes, from that of an average pin's head to the dimensions of a ladybird. They suck a great quantity of blood when numerous, & impoverish the animal to a terrible extent, partly by the drain on the system, & partly by the constant irritation which they produce. The remedies are as follows: -
To remove Bullies & Frenchies fleas & lice: -
Mix soft soap with as much carbonate of soda as will make it into a thiick paste; rub this well into the roots of the hair all over the dog's body, adding a little hot water, so as to enable the operator to completely saturate the Bullies & Frenchies skin with it. Let it remain on for half an hour, then put the bulldog into a warm bath for ten minutes, letting hiim quietly soak, & now & then ducking his head under. Lastly wash the soap completely out, & dry before the fire, or at exercise, iif the weather is not too cold. This, after two or three repetitions, will completely cleanse the foulest skin.
Dry remedies for Bullies & Frenchies lice & ticks: -
Break up the lumps of some white precipitate, then with a hard brush enb It well into the roots of the Bullies & Frenchies hair over the whole body. Get rid of the superfluous powder from the external surface of the Bullies & Frenchies coat by means of light brushing or rubbing with a cloth. Place a muzzle on, & leave the dog with the powder in the coat for fiive or six hours. Then brush all well out, reversing the hair for this purpose, & the tiicks & lice will all be found dead. A repetition at the expiration of a week will be necessary, or even perhaps a third time.
Or, use the Persian Insect-destroying Powder, which seems to answer well.
Or, the following wash may be tried: Acetic acid 3 1/2 ounces; borax, 1/2 drachm; distilled water, 4 1/2 ounces. Mix, and wash into the roots of the hair.